News
March 31
Scholars from China, Hong Kong, Boston, and New York arrived at Tufts this weekend to participate in this year's Tufts Institute of Leadership and International Perspective (TILIP) symposium on China: Dimensions of Security. The weekend featured discussions of military, economic, regional, environmental, and personal security, but program organizers said that the interaction fostered between students across cultural and international borders was more important. TILIP Director Sherman Teichman said he hoped the panels and the rest of the symposium would be more than a discussion. "This is a public intellectual forum, we hope," Teichman said. "We encourage a fluid and free exchange of ideas." Created in cooperation with Tufts, West Point, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong University, and Peking University as an intensive bicultural program for undergraduate and graduate students, the symposium was the culmination of a long string of events for students who participated TILIP's 2001 Hong Kong intern program. The symposium included 11 consecutive panels over four days. Professor Zhu Feng, director of the International Security Program at the School of International Studies, Peking University, delivered a keynote address focusing on the momentum of change that has occurred in China over the last 30 years. Mentioning that US President George W. Bush will be visiting China this week - 30 years to the date that former President Richard M. Nixon visited the communist state - Feng discussed the fundamental differences between the two countries, including personal security, human rights, international cooperation, and modernization. "Whether the US is a friend of China or an enemy, there is no final answer," Feng said. Tufts students and visiting students from China and Hong Kong moderated the panels. The Chinese students participating in the symposium are members of the top five to ten percent of the 300,000 students in their senior class. They came to the program, which included a stopover in New York, after interning with the TILIP students last year. In Friday's keynote, panel speakers focused on strategic aspects of security. Much of the panel focused on new concepts of security. "There is a new concept of security since September, but which one is best for each country?" Professor Su Hao from Beijing asked. Professor Tu Weiming, a Professor of Chinese History and Philosophy and of Confucian studies at Harvard, said that though he is not an expert of security, he believes security will be based on a real understanding of domestic issues and world issues. "We see that China's ability to deal with internal issues is a key to its emergence in the world today," Weiming said, in reference to the way China should deal with differences of religion and ethnic minorities within the country. Also focusing on Bush's visit, Weiming said the Chinese infatuation with the West will play a large role in the modernization of China. Boston College professor Robert Ross, author of several books about Sino-American relations, focused on how China's attempts to deal with poverty, government legitimacy, and inequality place the country well above the modernization curve of other developing nations. "All countries, when they go through modernization, face the same problems and most countries don't make it," Ross said, citing Argentina and Indonesia as recent failures. Ross argued that the beginnings of a legal system in China are evidence that the country is achieving its objective to "keep the world at bay" so it can focus on its own domestic problems. "We will see a new legitimacy for Chinese leadership based on economic success with declining crime rates and corruption and some form of democracy, not like the American democracy," he said. West Point cadets joined the panels that focused on military security: a panel featured Col. Russ Howard, head of social sciences at the US Military Academy. Other panels, many of which featured Tufts professors, focused on human and labor rights, protection of the environment, government corruption, Taiwan, regional security, minorities in China, and the increasing economic gap. In the closing panel, entitled "China 2025/2050: Perspectives on the Future," experts attempted to predict where modernization will take the country - which contains more than one-sixth of the world's population. Citing China's increased world integration over the last 20 years and the extraordinary growth of the digital economy, Shahid Yusuf, a lead economist for the World Bank, said that the current trends in the country will bear greater significance in the future. "It is important for China to be integrating nationally as well as to be integrating with the world economy," Yusuf said. "Whether the course of globalization is smooth or bumpy will depend very substantially on what sorts of policies China pursues cooperatively with other countries. No one country can do it alone." Other panelists focused on demographics - particularly a shortage of women, the signing of international agreements, and the possible effects of the rise in HIV/AIDS. "In order for China to become a world class economy, the Chinese political system has to achieve a high standard of transparency and accountability," said Brandeis professor and World Bank consultant Gary Jefferson. Saying that modern evidence has shown this can only be achieved in a multi-party system, he noted that China has already surprised the world: "Then how is it that China has made such rapid growth?" The TILIP students, who chose the theme of the symposium last spring and selected the speakers, said the symposium exceeded their expectations. "It was outstanding because it really brought neglected issues to the forefront of campus," TILIP student Anoop Swaminath said. "I think it hit upon some issues that America has not in the midst of a war against Afghanistan." TILIP student and senior Anthony Wan agreed. "It went beyond my expectations with the prominent people we were able to bring and the wide variety of topics discussed," he said. Peking University junior Clark Feng, who is visiting the Medford campus for the program, said that the symposium was an opportunity he thinks he could not have had in China. "In China, even in Peking University, where the atmosphere is relatively free, the scholars may not be so candid," he said. "In China we have different access, but here we can listen to scholars from all over the world and broaden our aspects of our country and learn some different kinds of analysis." Saying that the symposium "fulfilled every scintilla" of his expectations, Teichman said he felt the students involved were extraordinary. "Watching the interaction between students from Beijing, Hong Kong, China, and West Point is a crucible of citizenship," he said. "They are making contacts for the future." Even panelists said this was one of the best symposiums they had ever participated in, particularly because of the student interaction. "Students from all these different places were asking all the hard questions," John F. Kennedy School of Government fellow William Overholt said. This year marked TILIP's fourth Sino-centric symposium and its 18th annual symposium. In recent years symposium themes have included Preparing the Next Generation: Global Leadership Across Cultures, Globalization and Modernization in China, and Globalization, and China: Challenging Cultural Boundaries.