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ExCollege celebrates 50 years of student inclusion, curriculum expansion

This year, the Experimental College (ExCollege) at Tufts University marks its 50th anniversary since it established its first course on comparative literature in 1964. After marking a new wave of interdisciplinary learning in liberal arts education, the program has continued to expand and adapt to the needs of student and faculty alike.“As far as we know, we are the oldest experimental college in the country,” said Robyn Gittleman, director of the ExCollege. “We are very much the program that people come to ... [when one] wants to start something up.”Associate Director of the Experimental College Howard Woolf discussed the origin of the program.“[Experimental College] was a term that had been known in higher education as [a] way ... to try things outside your bylaws, basically,” Woolf said. “And the first suggestion on [the] part of the faculty was ... [for] a way to teach courses that our departments won’t let us teach right now. And that’s how it began.”What started as a program aiming to expand course topics soon became a way to incorporate community members and students into the teaching process. Today, these voices are key elements of the ExCollege, according to Woolf. “It remained a faculty playground ... for a few years,” he said. “And then something interesting happened ... Within the first year in change, the faculty who were involved decided students should [also] be intimately involved in the planning and running of the place, and they invited students to be on the ExCollege board.” Additionally, within its first few years, professionals from the Boston area began to teach courses through the ExCollege.“These [ExCollege Instructors] were largely people who were activists in the greater Boston community,” Woolf said. “[They were] working on issues such as women’s sexuality, bussing issues in Boston at the time [and] neighborhood inequities.”In 2014, the ExCollege continues to examine modern-day issues from an academic perspective. This semester’s courses cover topics such as transgender studies, Obamacare, the democratic transition in Libya and the participatory culture within social media.Rebekah Stiles, a program assistant for the ExCollege, said she believes it is important to have a curriculum that is up-to-date in terms of current events.“We can be very immediate about what’s happening, regarding contemporary world, culture, social [and] economic issues,” Stiles said. “We can be there at the front line.”In addition to bringing in instructors from outside the Tufts community, within its first five years, the ExCollege began allowing students to teach classes, according to Woolf.“That was ... an idea that, for Tufts, was quite ... radically [and] culturally [different] in education — let students teach courses,” he said. “And that proliferated like mushrooms. There were 20 to 30 student-taught courses for a number of years and that program kind of split into two parts.”Now, students are able to create and teach elective courses offered to all Tufts students, and are also able to teach in either the Explorations or Perspectives programs, which offer peer advisory courses to first-year students.In the Explorations and Perspectives programs, upperclassmen can create their own courses, where they are able to act as both instructors and advisors for freshmen. Explorations courses cover a variety of subjects, while Perspectives courses focus more specifically on topics in film and media. Both programs provide important guidance to new students from peer and faculty advisors, according to Woolf.“Over the years we’ve had a few longitudinal studies done, and students who have gone through Explorations or Perspectives have done better,” Woolf said. “They’ve had an easier time of it. They’ve got[ten] their sea legs under them more quickly.”The leaders of Explorations and Perspectives classes also benefit from the programs. Senior Kaveh Veyssi taught a Perspectives course titled “The Business of Hollywood,” and says the experience was a positive one. “Learning about [the material] and having to do all this research for the class was, personally, a great thing,” Veyssi said. “It was essentially an outlet for me to share what I [had] learned.”A subcommittee of two students and one faculty member interviews prospective instructors for ExCollege courses, according to Stiles. The ExCollege board, which consists of five faculty members and five students, makes the final decision.“Everybody’s vote is exactly the same,” student board member junior Marcy Regalado said. “And there will be times [when] I’m sitting in a board meeting and a student will sway, easily, an adult in the room.”This kind of student-faculty dynamic makes for a department where the student opinion is appreciated, and where new programs can be nurtured and old programs can continue to thrive, according to fellow student board member junior Kumar Ramanathan.“I think all of those perspectives are really necessary in that these faculty members ... have a unique perspective on how teaching happens at Tufts and what’s being offered,” Ramanathan said. “The students do the same thing from the learning side. And then there’s [the] staff at the ExCollege, who really have the experience and the history ... they know what works [and] what doesn’t work.”12



The Setonian
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Panelists discuss spread of renewable energy technologies

A group of industry professionals, professors and policy analysts discussed the spread of modern energy technology to developing countries during a Tufts Energy Conference panel presentation.The panel was moderated by director of the Center for International Environment and Resource Policy Kelly Sims Gallagher, who is also an associate professor of energy and environmental policy at The Fletcher School. Gallagher began the discussion by focusing on the difficulties emerging markets are facing in energy development.“Do emerging markets have the ability to leapfrog from 18th and 19th-century technologies that most developed countries used in the past?” Gallagher asked. “Can they leapfrog to cleaner, more efficient alternative technologies and systems? ... There is much evidence that countries fail to make this so called ‘leapfrog’ ... for a whole host of reasons.”Despite this pessimism, Gallagher explained that her new book, “The Globalization of Clean Energy Technology: Lessons from China,” takes a more hopeful perspective. One of the key barriers to the leapfrogging effect is the lack of an internal market for clean energy technologies in many developing countries, she said.“If there’s no so-called ‘natural market’, in other words an incentive in the marketplace for some technology that doesn’t naturally exist ... it’s very hard to get technology moving to that market,” Gallagher said. “That, I think, is the primary barrier — it’s that simple.”J. Dirck Stryker, the president and chief economist at Associates for International Resources and Development (AIRD) followed Gallagher with a presentation on increasing access to new fuel sources in developing countries. Stryker, who previously spent 26 years teaching at The Fletcher School, explained that, over the next few decades, it will be increasingly important to “serve the bottom of the [economic] pyramid” through new technologies and energy sources.Stryker said much of his recent work was focused on increasing energy access in Africa. Renewable energy sources are making it easier to expand this access.“The prices of renewable energy technologies have fallen and, in many cases, are cheaper than [getting] connected to the grid,” he said. “Electricity grids are extremely expensive to expand, and it’s much better if you have a source of renewable fuel that is independent.”Stryker also emphasized Gallagher’s point about the importance of understanding market dynamics.“Another factor here is to understand the local market and what is needed,” he said. “In many cases, we have things that come from the outside, and we don’t really understand what is already there ... [Energy development] requires a relatively high level of initiative on the part of entrepreneurs that will carry this forward.”Letha Tawney, a senior associate in the World Resources Institute’s Markets and Enterprise Program, followed with an analysis of what is meant by the concept of technological “leapfrogging.”“It’s a term you hear a lot but we’re very unspecific in what we mean,” Tawney said. “Do we mean that developing economies will skip some of our mistakes in our development path and move directly to match us? Or do we mean that in fact we’re all heading toward an unclear, unmapped low-carbon economy and they’re going to skip the [older technologies]?”Tawney explained that the answer is difficult to determine, but said that transferring current technologies and creating new ones are both important aspects of increasing energy access in the developing world. She cautioned, however, that a disconnect exists between policy makers, technology manufacturers and energy users.“You end up in these talking point discussions that don’t get down to the fundamentals,” she said. “That is because there are real constituencies that these people have to answer to and you have to talk to them to come up with the best practices ... Finally there [are] practitioners, people who have actually innovated. ...What practitioners have done is not [understood] by those in the policy world. ... We have to bridge [the gap] somehow.Eli Ben-Shoshan, director of strategic marketing at DuPont Industrial Biosciences, spoke last and examined the use of biofuels as a source of renewable energy in the developing world.Ben-Shoshan explained that DuPont has shifted much of its focus away from producing chemicals in order to expand its development of clean energy technologies. Some of these include seed coatings and genetically modified seeds that require less energy input, less water and have higher returns to yield, according to Ben-Shoshan.“We’re actually the largest specialty component manufacturer in solar on the planet,” he said. “We are making Kevlar films and photo voltaic cells and we make pastes that are used to connect components with in the cell. It’s all been about increasing the efficiency of solar over the years.” 12


The Setonian
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TCU Senate update

The Tufts Community Union Senate discussed the possibility of adding an International Community Representative to its ranks during its weekly meeting last night. The idea, which was proposed by freshman Senator Gauri Seth during the open forum period, was supported by several senators who argued that the international community needs a representative to help students with marginalization and cultural adjustment.


The Setonian
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Tufts Podcast Network focuses on storytelling through audio

Combining innovative technology with the tradition of oral storytelling, Tufts Podcast Network (TPN), a relatively new student group that creates audio broadcasts, has a simple mission: to bring people together through the sharing of thoughts and stories about the human experience.TPN provides the tools for students to let their voices be heard, according to sophomore Cooper McKim, the founder, president and executive producer of the group. The podcast medium also allows the audience to absorb information on their own time — a feature that sets podcasts apart from other forms of creative expression or journalism.“I think that podcasts are a little more soulful than ... a lot of the ways that people get news,” sophomore Alexander Landen, executive editor of TPN, said. “They’re very easy to listen to — you can just put them on when you’re making dinner or when you’re on Facebook.”Landen also discussed how podcasts can connect with listeners in different ways than standard print media.“Really good layering of sound and really good use of ... the human voice ... allows you to absorb this information in a way that’s easier than it is when you’re reading print,” Landen said.The medium also offers advantages to journalists, according Julie Dobrow, the director of Tufts’ Communication and Media Studies Program.“[Podcasts] give the journalist a little more leeway in terms of [production] time,” Dobrow told the Daily an email. “And for us as audience members, podcasting ostensibly opens up a lot more possibilities of things we could listen to, new ideas we could expose ourselves to, new perspectives.”The inspiration for Tufts Podcast Network came to McKim while he was on the metro in Washington, D.C. What began as the pursuit of a political career resulted in the discovery of an unexpected passion.“I did an internship over the summer ... and the only part I really enjoyed was my commute because I would listen to different interviews and a ... podcast series every day on my [way] to and from the Capitol,” McKim said. “I just kept finding new series that I really liked.”McKim decided that this was something he could do and that anyone could do. Moreover, he thought that podcasts could be a perfect outlet for the creativity and enthusiasm present in the Tufts community.After pitching the idea to the Tufts administration, the club was able to obtain funding and held its first official meeting in October of last semester. The club now has an executive board and an e-list of approximately 60 students who are interested in creating and publishing audio material, according to McKim.When he was in the process of creating the group, McKim initially approached Landen, who, coincidentally, had much experience in the broadcasting field.“I worked at an NPR station called WSHU Public ... in Fairfield, Conn. [where] I did a bunch of reporting [over the summer],” he said. “I also worked in New York City simultaneously at this radio station [called] WNYC, which is ... an NPR affiliate in NYC.”The TPN team has collaborated to create podcasts on a broad range of topics, but has primarily focused on submissions of fictional narratives. Now, members of the club are working on a diverse set of recordings, from a humorous social commentary show to an Amnesty International series that discusses human rights issues.“The podcast I’m doing now with my friend [junior] Michael Maskin is a fictional podcast where we basically just write a script ... sort of Calvin and Hobbes-esque,” McKim said.Other podcasts that have either already been produced or are currently in the works include sports updates, opinion pieces, and even a production that tells a story through a series of voicemails, according to Landen.TPN also hopes to broadcast more report-style podcasts that focus on campus news.“I’d be interested, as well, into getting more reporting kind of [broadcasts],” Landen said. “[I’d like] more ... campus stuff or roundtable discussions where you get professors and students who are interested in a certain topic. You get them together and there’s a moderator and you record that conversation and edit it up so it’s listenable ... I think that’s more the direction.”12




The Setonian
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Students honor member of Class of 2013 with fundraisers

The Singapore Students Association , LCS Cancer Outreach and International Club are hosting a week of fundraising events in honor of Vivien Lim, a member of the Class of 2013 who was unable to graduate after being diagnosed in May of 2012 with a rare form of salivary gland cancer. She passed away this this past September.



The Setonian
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New online reservation system for Tisch group study rooms

Tufts Student Services in a Feb. 19 email announced that students will be able make advance reservations for group study rooms in Tisch Library. Through the Tufts Space and Resource Reservation System, groups of two or more may reserve one of the 11 group study rooms for a minimum of one hour and a maximum of three hours per day from now through the end of the semester, according to the email.



The Setonian
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TCU Senate update

For a second meeting in a row, the Tufts Community Union Senate analyzed a resolution proposing a one-year pilot program that would give Tufts students a MBTA discount pass, allowing them to use the Boston-area transportation services at a reduced price. The resolution references a survey indicating that 95 percent of polled students supported such a program. The Senate passed the resolution in a 20-0-1 vote. It will be presented to the school administration for approval.


The Setonian
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TCU Senate update

For a second meeting in a row, the Tufts Community Union Senate analyzed a resolution proposing a one-year pilot program that would give Tufts students a MBTA discount pass, allowing them to use the Boston-area transportation services at a reduced price. The resolution references a survey indicating that 95 percent of polled students supported such a program. The Senate passed the resolution in a 20-0-1 vote. It will be presented to the school administration for approval.



The Setonian
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Students launch local Boston music blog

The homepage for Sound of Boston, a recently established online music publication, provides a modern, professional introduction to the local Boston music scene. Featuring concert and album reviews, interviews with local artists and venue descriptions, the site explores the music culture of Boston. The publication, in fact, has a special connection to the university.Sound of Boston was founded in the fall of 2013 by seniors Jonah Ollman and Knar Bedian, who shared a passion for music and the desire to increase awareness of Boston-based artists.“If someone wants to hear about shows, learn about the city’s scene, or find new local music to hear, we want them to come to us,” Ollman, editor-in-chief of the site, told the Daily in an email. “We are hoping to make our site a one-stop shop for all things Boston music related.”According to Ollman, the pair wanted to create a comprehensive music site that featured wide-ranging content, from articles on where to find the most charismatic record shop to new videos from local bands. To raise the profiles of local bands and artists, the site includes a Local Spotlight section, in which readers can explore a range of local artists that otherwise may not be on their music radar.The creation of Sound of Boston was rooted in Bedian and Ollman’s previous work in different music scenes. Since his freshman year, Ollman has kept his own blog called Write to the Beat, which has garnered a significant following, even overseas. The founder of a site called Sound of Aarhus in Denmark contacted Ollman, and from there idea of the Boston music blog was formed.“One day last summer, after posting about a Danish artist, I got a message from the founder of Sound of Aarhus, a Danish local music website from a city I had actually visited about a year before while [I was] abroad,” Ollman said. “We got to talking, and we decided that I should start an equivalent site in Boston.”Meanwhile, Bedian, who acts as managing editor and photo editor for Sound of Boston, was working for Timbre, a concert finding app. The job required her to attend many local music shows: A few weeks later, Bedian and Ollman met at a concert and decided to start a Sound of Boston Tumblr site together. “I had the more visual and writing element, and he had a lot more of the exposure to the actual music industry,” Bedian said. “It was just a good combination of what you need.”“We then slowly started writing reviews, worked on the site and got more and more people interested in contributing,” Ollman said. By advertising through TuftsLife and recruiting people from other nearby schools such as Boston University, Bedian and Ollman quickly pulled together a team of writers and editors to help maintain a steady flow of quality content onto the site, which now has a new post almost every day.One such recruit is freshman Nitesh Gupta, the current local editor and main curator of the Local Spotlight section of Sound of Boston. Each week Gupta, who is also the executive online editor for the Tufts Daily, attends concerts, writes subsequent reviews and edits other writers’ pieces. He also coordinates personal interviews with local artists who are happy to share their life stories — a practice which has become one of Gupta’s favorite aspects of the blog.“It’s really inspiring on a daily basis to talk to people who have been able to succeed in expressing themselves in a certain way, even if they’re not famous,” Gupta said.While sections like Local Spotlight have seen much growth, the Sound of Boston team is constantly working to improve the site, and Bedian and Ollman have many plans for future development. Currently, the site focuses on the indie rock genre, but is aiming to incorporate more music styles, like punk or rap, that will appeal to a broader array of music tastes, according to Bedian. Another recent development for Sound of Boston is the new Neighborhood Sessions section where local artists are filmed and interviewed performing in small venues, according to Bedian.“It’s hard to talk about [a group’s] music without actually having an idea of what they sound like,” Bedian said.This new component will allow site visitors to watch artists’ tell their stories and give performances, while simultaneously including a review about the performer by a Sound of Boston writer, creating a comprehensive image of the artists and their unique style.“We are also putting out a downloadable mix, so that you can download the songs from any of the people that we’ve talked about before and see if you really like them,” Bedian said.12


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R. Nicholas Burns: U.S. foreign policy extremely complex

Sunday morning’s keynote address on “American Policy and the Arab Revolutions” featured R. Nicholas Burns, former Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs. Burns, a professor at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government, stressed his respect for President Obama and explained the difficult foreign policy balance that he must maintain. “Obama is trying to juggle two competing American interests,” Burns said. “On one hand, he is continuing the great tradition of our foreign policy to support people beyond our shores who want to struggle for freedom and democracy ... and trying to uphold what is the essence of American foreign policy: democratic policy. On the other hand, the U.S. has a history of [playing] a role in the Middle East and Obama need[s] to secure the security interests of the U.S.” Burns cited the contrast of the U.S. support of the Egyptian uprising in Cairo’s Tahrir Square, but the lack of support of the protesters in Bahrain’s Pearl Square, as an example. He explained that while it appears the U.S. is acting hypocritically in its support for democratic uprisings, it is in the country’s best interest due to the complex conflict in the Middle East. “Many people thought that it was a hopeful time for the Arab people,” Burns said. “We need to keep that image because when you think about our time now, we’re really looking at a burning Middle East — there’s really no way else to put it.” With the possible exception of Morocco and Tunisia, Burns said, very few of the 22 countries in the Middle East are better off today in terms of stability than they were three years ago. Burns also spoke about the situations in Syria and Iran, and what is currently unfolding in Ukraine. Active American leadership is needed in Syria against President Bashar al-Assad and his regime’s use of chemical weaponry, Burns said. “We can’t be the world’s policeman, but when 9.3 million of the 22.4 million people in Syria are refugees, it’s everyone’s concern,” Burns said. “It’s a problem that the U.S. needs to turn and face.” Burns also complimented Obama for his work toward an interim nuclear agreement with Iran, the first diplomatic talks between the two nations in 34 years. “Our first impulse has to be diplomacy, not the use of force,” Burns said. “We need to exhaust the use of diplomacy.” With regard to the unfolding situation in Ukraine, Burns said that it would be irrational for the U.S. to employ military force against Putin, especially because America has no security commitment to Ukraine. “It would be catastrophic — it would be a war of two nuclear powers,” he said. “There will be not a military counterpunch to Putin’s land grab in Crimea.” However, he suggested that economic sanctions would likely be employed and that Obama should not attend the G8 summit scheduled to take place in June in Sochi. “It’s time to expel Russia from the G8,” Burns said. “We can’t have a country there who is abusing sovereignty and territorial integrity of the other countries.”



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Professors discuss Mandela’s legacy on South African politics

The International Relations (IR) Program’s Director’s Leadership Council continued its crash course lecture series last night, with a commemorative event entitled, “Nelson Mandela’s Legacy and the Future of South African Politics.” Associate Professor of Political Science Pearl Robinson and Associate Professor of History Jeanne Penvenne spoke at the event, moderated by Director of Africana Studies H. Adlai Murdoch.


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Top Ten | People who should host the Oscars instead of Ellen DeGeneres

In our first Top Ten since 2013, the Daily Arts Department would like to honor the pageantry and glamour of the upcoming Academy Awards. This year, Ellen DeGeneres will be hosting the show. Though DeGeneres is a fan-favorite, we all pray for the day that Amy Poehler and Tina Fey host every event ever. However, since the planets have not aligned to that end just yet, we’d thought we’d share our master list of ten better hosts for the 2014 Oscars.




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